A review of measuring ecosystem resilience to disturbance

Abstract Resilience is the central concept for understanding how an ecosystem responds to a strong perturbation, and related other concepts used analyze system properties in face of change such as resistance, recovery, sustainability, vulnerability, stability, adaptive capacity, regime shift, tipping point. It extremely challenging formulate resilience thinking into practice. The current state-of-art approaches assessing may be useful policy makers resource managers minimize climatological or natural disaster impacts. Here, we review methods classify limit them three cases: (a) forest based mainly on remote sensing tree-ring data; (b) soil microbial community laboratory field studies; (c) hydrological terrestrial biomes Budyko framework climate data.